• Both License areas are confined in the Karagoin-Saryozek Rare Element Pegmatite Zone (60×10 km) which is a part of Kalba-Narym Metallogenic Belt (800x50km). The Kalba-Narym Belt (“KNB”) as well Karagoin-Saryozek Zone (“KSZ”) is well known for the wide distribution of rare element pegmatites with numerous deposits of tin, tantalum, tungsten, beryllium and lithium.
• KNB is one of the provinces of Rudniy Altai, a part of the Grand Altai Mountains. The KNB stretches to the north-west for more than 800 km with the width from 20 to 50 km. The structure is limited by deep regional faults from the north and the south accordingly. The KNB by its geological nature is the terrain drifted in the Paleo Asian ocean toward the Grand Altai megastructure integrated in the Hercynian Orogenic period. Contrary to the other Altai belts, KNB is the rare element (Li, Sn, Be, Ta, Nb, Cs and W) pegmatites belt associated with the Permian granite intrusion.
• KSZ is located in the south-western part of KNB consisting of Late Devonian – early Carboniferous terrigenous sedimentary rock formation intruded by two phase Permian granites. This Zone is primarily dominated by lithium presence among other KNB zones associated with extensive distribution of albite spodumene pegmatites.
• The documented history of geological studies goes back to the period between 1911 and 1917 when first Karagoin and Urunkhai tin deposits were discovered (Kotulskiy V., 1917). During the Soviet time (1930 – 1990) extensive geological studies took place. Numerous surveys, prospecting and exploration campaigns rushed for tantalum and tin allowed to discover almost one hundred rare-element deposits and around twenty of them were subsequently put into operation (mining and processing) . The unique vertically integrated Belogorskiy Metallurgical Refinery Plant was built by Soviet mining and metallurgical engineers with the full operational cycle from mining to final metal and chemical products.
• Detailed description of the KNB and KSZ Geology and its settings may be easily found in the extensive publicly available geological publications, monographs, articles and papers. The main geological publicly available publications are as follows:

→ The USSR Geology, volume 41 Eastern Kazakhstan, Moscow, Nedra, 1967-467 pages.

→ Grand Altai (Geology and Metallogeny) in 3 volumes, Shcherba G.N., Almaty, 1998.